Radiator



June 12, 1928. v 1,673,370 T. E. MURRAY, JR

RADIATOR Filed Feb. 17, 1927 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Jun 12, 1928.

' T. E. MURRAY, JR

RADIATOR Filed Feb. 17, 1927 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented June 12, 1928.

UNITED STATES THGMAS E. MURRAY, JR., F BROOKLYN, NEW YORK.

RADIATOR.

Application filed February 17, 1927. Serial No. 188,870.

In a certain previous application No. 709,- 080, filed April 26, 1924, I have described a type of radiator with a steam pipe or similar heating element to which are applied corru'gated plates forming an extended radiating surface which conducts the heat rapidly to the surrounding air and which form flues inducin a rapid circulation of the heated air; an this principle is embodied in several other pending applications of mine.

The present invention aims to provide certain improvements in radiators working on similar principles. Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a complete radiator; I Figs. 2, '3, t and 5 views of modifications;

Fig. 6 is a transverse vertical section of are similar, partial,

Fig. 5;

igs. 7 and 8 are end elevations of arrangements employing two kinds of heating element;

Fig. 9'is a perspective view of one of th plates or fins of Fig. 7 I

Fig. 10 is a transverse horizontal section of art of the radiator of Figs. 7 and 9;

ig.11 is a erspective view illustrating a further modi cation.

Fig. 12 is a section similar to Fig. 10 il- 80 lustrating a modificatiom Fig. 13 is a section similar to Fig. 7, also illustrating a modification.

In Figs. 1 to 6 the heating element is as sumed toconsist of one or more lengths of on steam pipe 1 extending substantially horizontally, connected to each other at alternate ends to form a single conduit; or they may be connected in parallel to headers at opposite ends To these are bonded or secured 96 transversely extending plates or fins 2 which provide an extended radiating surface. These are distinguished from the radiating structure of my previous application No. 709,080 in that they are separate plates in- 100 stead of parts of a corrugated structure ex tending continuously lengthwise. Prefen ably the structure is enclosed in a casing, and this may be of various styles.

According to Fig. 1, there is a front plate 105 3 which may be paneled and finished in any decorative scheme. The back is encased by a similar plate i, flanged to provide end plates 5. T e front and back plates close the spaces between the radiating plates and 110 thus form closed vertical fines (closed in cross-section) which facilitate and accelerate the circulation, so as to adapt the radiator for use with high temperature heating mediums and to secure the quick and efiicient heating of a room.

According to Fig. 2 a casing is used which includes a front plate 3 and end plates 6 in one p1ece adapted to be.-applied after the radiator is set up, the "end plates having notches 7 which are so located as to pass obliquely downward over the projecting ends of the heating element or elements, and hold the casing in place In this construction, the back of the radiator is left open.

The back may be closed by a single plate corresponding to the front plate. Or each flue may be closed separately by providing flanges 8, Fig. 3, on the rear edges of the fins 2. Or separate flanged strips 9 (Fig. 4) may be inserted between the several fins 2 with flanges 10 soldered or otherwise fastened to the outer edge portions of the fins. Similar flue-closing plates or strips of other designs and mounted in-other ways may be used. And the flue-closing plates or strlps of Figs. 3 and 4 may be used at the front as well as the back.

Where it is not desired to have the top of the casing open a covering top plate 11, Fig. 5, ma be used, located somewhat above the radiating structure and the casing may be rovided at the front with a grating 12. In t is case a back plate 13, Fig. 6, should be used witha forwardly curved deflector 14 for directing the ascending hot air forward through the grating 12 as shown by the arrows. A similar grating may be laid horizontally across the top of Figs. 1 to 4: to guard and conceal the top edges of the fins t.

The arrangements described above may be applied with fins of various shapes and with various styles and combinations of heating elements. Fig. 7 shows a fin 14 of different proportions, with heating elements arranged horizontally alongside of one another so as to make the radiator of comparatively smali height. The heating elements in this case are circular steam pipes 15 and between them a rectangular electric heating element 16. Fig. 8 is similar except that the steam pipes 17 are tapered at the bottom so that any water collecting there will have considerable depth in proportion to its voiume and a diminished frictional resistance to flow compared with broader section of the same volume. The electrical heating element 18 in this figure is-of circular shape. Various other modifications may be adopted for each of the heating elements.

Figs. 9 and 10 show how the plates or fins are mounted on the heatin elements. plates 14 are drawn out an the ends cutoff to leave circular flanges 19 and rectangular flanges 20 which fit closely on the heating elements. These are then soldered, brazed or welded on to the heating elements or otherwise secured closel to the outside of the latter to effect a goo heat-conducting contact.

' against the heating elements while the solder- For example each plate 14 maybe made in two parts brought to ether along edges indicated by the dotte line 21 and pressed is heated. Or each late 14 may be in one piece fitting on t e heating elements. The flanges19 and may be made lon enough to serve also as spacers, the edges 0 the flanges of one plate engaging the back of by thepassage of steam through the pipes.

Fig. 11 shows an alternative method of fastening a fin to a heatin element which may be adapted to any 0% the previously described constructions. This figure also shows a fin 22 applied to only one side of the heating element. The fin is flanged to provide a socket 23 with flanges 24 above and below. The heating element 15 is held in place by a strap having a socket 25 and flanges 26 above and below. The parts are clamped together and secured by spot welds 27 through the flanges. A continuous strap may. be employed extending over all or several successive fins along the length of the heating element; or a separate strap may be usedfor each fin. This mode oi connection has an advantage, where the heating element and the fins are of metals having different coeflicients of expansion, in permitting a slight relative movement between the two.

er methods of fastening the strap may be used. and the fastening means may be supplemented by soldering, brazing or welding to the heating element where relative movement is not necessary.

In any case where soldered joints are used they should be fairly close together along the heating element to avoid melting the solder, particularly when using high tempe'rature heating elements.

Various metals may be used for the steam pipe and the casing of the electric heatin element and'for the fins. The greatest e ficiency is secured by making all these parts The of copper. But steel or iron may be. used with good effect. Or, for economys sake fins, constituting the greater quantity of metal in the structure, may be madeof steel and theheating elements of copper.

' Fig. 12 illustrates a: way of providing closed vertical flues similar to those referred to in Figs. 3 and 4. The plates 14 in this case are secured on the heating elements- 15 and 16 in any of the ways above described. At their outer vertical edges the plates have flanges '28 which close the space between them so as to convert such spaces into closed According to Fig. 13, the steam or hot water is. carried in a verticallyv elongated vessel 29 tapering toward thetop. The radiating plates 30 are correspondingly high and narrow. Electric heating elements'l6, like those in Fig. 7, are combined with the steam or hot water heating element in one radiator. Such electric heating elements 1 may be used in various locations and combinations, one at the bottom, one at either side of the vessel 39 or one at the to or the combination of four of these as lllllS- trated.

These heating elements 16 are preferably of the tvpe' illustrated in the Wiegand Patent No. 1,614,938 of 'January 18, 1927 having a resistor carried in a body of refractory insulating material enveloped in a long thin metal sheath. Such strip heaters attain very. high temperatures, sometimes above red hot, in use, and would be dangerous for domestic heating. But they are peculiarly adapted to use with the extended surface radiator described. Such a radiating structure removes. the heat from the heating element so rapidly that exposed parts of the radiatorare sufficiently cool to be quite safe.

No claim is made herein for the casings shown, these being the invention of Irving T. Bennett and covered in a separate application of his for patent, Serial No. 233,594,

filed November 16th. 1927.

Various other modifications may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the invention as defined in following claims.

the

What I claim is I 1. A radiator comprising a long narrow heating element extending horizontally, separate transverse fins secured thereto having substantially vertical outer edges and means for closing the spaces between said edges of each pair of adjacent fins to form between them vertical flues entirely closed in horizontal section for inducing a rapid circulation of the heated air.

2. A radiator comprising a plurality of long narrow heating elements extending horizontallyand ofl's'et horizontally from each other, transverse fins secured to said "being an electric heating heating elements and having substantially vertical outer edges and means for closing the spaces between said edges of adjacent plates to formwbetween them vertical fines 5 entirely closed in horizontal section for inducing a rapid circulation of the heated air.

3. The radiator of claim 2, one of said heating elements being; a pipe and another device.

4. A radiator comprising an electric heating element of the strip type extending horizontally, adapted to attain a very high temperature, transverse fins secured thereto having substantially vertical outer edges and means for closing the spaces between said edges of adjacent fins so as to shield said high temperature, heating element and to form vertical fluesentirely closed in. crosssectimnfor inducing a rapid circulation of the heated air.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto signed my name. v

THOMAS E. MURRAY, JR. 

